Latvia Population 2026

Overview

Latvia, a high-income country in the Europe & Central Asia region, has a population of 1,866,124 in 2025. The country has seen a steady population decline over the past decade, with a ten-year average annual growth rate of -0.66%. This decline is further emphasized by the latest one-year growth rate of -0.93%, indicating a deepening depopulation trend. Factors such as low birth rates, aging population, and emigration have contributed to this pattern.

Despite its negative growth, Latvia's population ranks 150th globally, reflecting its modest size compared to other nations. The country's population dynamics are part of a broader regional trend in Eastern Europe and the Baltics, where many countries face similar demographic challenges. Latvia's high-income status does not shield it from these demographic pressures, as economic opportunities and social factors influence migration and fertility decisions.

The decline in Latvia's population over the past decade has implications for its labor market, social welfare systems, and economic vitality. Addressing this trend requires policies that encourage higher birth rates, attract immigration, and support aging populations. However, as of 2025, the negative growth rates persist, underscoring the difficulty of reversing demographic decline.

Key Facts

• Latvia's population in 2025 is 1,866,124.
• The one-year population growth rate from 2024 to 2025 is -0.93%.
• Over the past 10 years, the average annual growth rate has been -0.66%.
• Latvia ranks 150th in the world by population size.
• The country is classified as high income and is located in the Europe & Central Asia region.