Japan Population 2026
Japan's population in 2025 is estimated at 123,975,371, positioning it as the 12th most populous country in the world. The nation, classified as a high-income economy in the East Asia & Pacific region, continues to experience a demographic decline with a 1-year growth rate of -0.43%.
Population Trend (Japan)
Population by Decade
Population milestones
How Japan's population changed across key years (World Bank estimates).
Overview
Japan's population is undergoing a sustained contraction, with the 1-year growth rate of -0.43% in 2025 and a 10-year average annual growth rate of -0.26%. This trend reflects long-standing demographic challenges, including a low birth rate and an aging society, which have made Japan a prominent example of population decline in a high-income country. The East Asia & Pacific region as a whole includes both growing and shrinking nations, but Japan's negative growth stands out given its size and economic status.