Belgium Population 2026

Overview

Belgium's population has experienced steady growth over the past decade, with a 10-year average annual growth rate of 0.56%. In the most recent year, the growth rate accelerated slightly to 0.67%, reflecting a modest increase in births, migration, or both. As a high-income country in Western Europe, Belgium benefits from advanced healthcare and social services, which contribute to relatively low mortality and sustained population expansion.

Situated in the Europe & Central Asia region, Belgium is one of the more densely populated countries in the area. Its demographic profile is typical of developed nations, with an aging population and low fertility rates, though net migration helps offset natural decline. The country's global rank of #81 places it among medium-sized populations worldwide, comparable to neighboring European states.

The 1-year growth rate of 0.67% indicates a slight uptick compared to the longer-term average, which may be influenced by recent migration patterns or a temporary increase in births. Over the last ten years, the average annual growth of 0.56% has added roughly 650,000 people to the population, assuming consistent growth. This steady increase aligns with trends seen in other high-income European countries that rely on immigration to sustain population numbers.

Belgium's population dynamics are shaped by its position as a core member of the European Union, attracting both intra-EU migrants and non-EU immigrants. The country's high-income status supports a robust economy and social safety net, which in turn influences demographic stability. Future projections will depend on fertility rates, life expectancy, and migration policies, but current data show a slowly growing population with no immediate signs of decline.

Key Facts

• Latest population (2025): 11,858,610
• 1-year growth rate: 0.67%
• 10-year average annual growth rate: 0.56%
• Global population rank: #81
• Income group: High income
• Region: Europe & Central Asia